Archlinux installation
Intro
Read this two official wiki: First pre-install Software & Hardware Issues/Wikis
You can try archinstall, it's a pretty simple tool to install the os.
Be careful when executing commands.
Connect to the internet(for wireless)
ifconfig to check the network card.
Here wlan0 as default.
iwctl
station wlan0 scan
station wlan0 get-networks
station wlan0 connect your_network
Once you're done, type exit.
Disk partition and format
If you have an old pc, you should check your bios that support uefi or not.
Since there are two choice to install arch: uefi and legacy.
On legacy you don't have to create the efi partition and install efibootmgr.
Be clear what disk you are going to partition.
If it's a m.2 disk it should be something like /dev/nvme0n1p1.
If it's a sata or some usb disk it should be /dev/sda
Btw don't format your installation media.
fdisk -l to list disks on your computer.
cfdisk
| Part(s) | Type | Size |
|---|---|---|
| nvme0n1p1 | EFI | 300MiB |
| nvme0n1p2 | swap | 4GiB |
| nvme0n1p3 | f2fs | Remain |
Formatting:
Here are some filesystems like: ext4, brtfs, xfs, f2fs...
I choose ext4 here.
mkfs.fat -F 32 /dev/nvme0n1p1
mkswap /dev/nvme0n1p2
swapon /dev/nvme0n1p2
mkfs.ext4 /dev/nvme0n1p3
Mounting:
mount /dev/nvme0n1p3 /mnt
mount --mkdir /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot
Packages
Switch mirrors to improve your download speed: Arch mirrorlist Arch generator
vim /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
Insert this code: Server = /your/mirror/$repo/os/$arch
Refresh your repo with: pacman -Syu.
pacstrap -K /mnt linux linux-firmware base base-devel \
efibootmgr grub networkmanager
pipewire pipewire-{alsa,jack,pulse} mesa \
xorg xorg-server xorg-xdm udisks2 gvfs ntfs-3g wget git vi vim \
wqy-microhei-lite terminus-font bluez bluez-utils \
alsa-{utils,plugins} zip {un,p7}zip tlp acpi{d,light}
Graphic card driver:
intel: vulkan-intel,intel-media-driver,libva-intel-driver
amd: xf86-video-amd,vulkan-radeon
Microcode:
intel cpu: intel-ucode;
amd cpu: amd-ucode;
pacstrap /mnt intel-ucode intel-media-driver vulkan-intel \
xf86-video-fbdev linux-firmware-qlogic(for me)
genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab arch-chroot /mnt
Time and language
ls /usr/share/zoneinfo to list timezone.
ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
hwclock --systohc
vim /etc/locale.gen
Find your locale and uncomment it.
locale-gen
echo LANG=en_US.UTF-8 > /etc/locale.conf
echo your-hostname(eg. archlinux) > /etc/hostname
GRUB config
Legacy:
grub-install --target=i386-pc /dev/nvme0n1p3
UEFI:
grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot
vim /etc/default/grub
Find GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT and add these:
fbcon=nodefer (not sure what this do)
modprobe.blacklist=iTCO_wdt (if you want to disable watchdog)
resume=/dev/nvme0n1p2 (if you want your pc hibernate)
video=efifb:nobgrt (if you dont want startup logo twice)
grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
Others
Add one account:
useradd -m -G audio,storage,video,wheel your-accountName
passwd your-accountName
visudo
Uncomment %wheel ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL
Add hibernate(if you want):
vim /etc/mkinitcpio.conf
Find HOOKS=(...)
Add resume behind filesystems
It should look like this:
HOOKS=(... filesystem resume)
vim /etc/systemd/logind.conf
Uncomment HandleLidSwitch and HandleLidSwitchExternalPower
HandleLidSwitch=hibernate(or keep default suspend)
HandleLidSwitchExternalPower=suspend
tty font:
echo FONT=ter-132n(n-normal b-bold) > /etc/vconsole.conf
High resolution:
Bigger values represents bigger window.
echo GDK_DPI_SCALE=1.25 >> /etc/environment
echo GDK_SCALE=1.25 >> /etc/environment
If you are troubled with the intel or some graphic cards,
then add MESA_LOADER_DRIVER_OVERRIDE.
Notice your fps may be less than before.
echo MESA_LOADER_DRIVER_OVERRIDE=zink >> /etc/environment
mkinitcpio -P
exit
umount /mnt/boot
umount /mnt
reboot